short notes

 Computer

A computer is an electronic device that processes, stores, and manipulates data to perform various tasks, solve problems, and execute instructions. Computers can handle a wide range of operations, from simple calculations to complex computations, and they are an integral part of modern life. Here are some key aspects of what a computer is:

1. **Hardware**: Computers consist of physical components, including a central processing unit (CPU), memory (RAM), storage devices (e.g., hard drives or solid-state drives), input devices (e.g., keyboard, mouse), output devices (e.g., monitor, printer), and various other peripherals.

2. **Software**: Computers run on software, which includes the operating system (e.g., Windows, macOS, Linux) and application programs. Software provides the instructions that the computer follows to carry out specific tasks and functions.

3. **Data Processing**: Computers process data in the form of binary code (0s and 1s). They execute instructions and manipulate data at very high speeds, enabling them to perform a wide range of functions.

4. **Storage**: Computers can store vast amounts of data and information on storage devices, allowing users to save and retrieve data as needed.

5. **Connectivity**: Computers can connect to networks and the internet, enabling communication and data exchange with other devices and remote systems.

Monitor

A monitor is a visual display unit that is an essential part of a computer or any other electronic device that requires a visual interface for the user. Monitors are designed to present information in a visual form, typically through the use of a screen that displays images, text, and other graphical content. 

Mouse

A computer mouse is an input device used to control the movement of a cursor or pointer on a computer screen. It is a handheld device that is moved across a flat surface, such as a desk, to interact with a computer's graphical user interface. 

CPU

CPU stands for "Central Processing Unit," and it is often referred to as the "brain" of a computer. The CPU is a critical component of a computer system responsible for executing instructions and performing calculations for various tasks. 

UPS

UPS stands for "Uninterruptible Power Supply," and it is a device used to provide a backup power source to connected electronic equipment in the event of a power outage or disruptions in the electrical supply. UPS units are commonly used to protect computers, servers, networking equipment, and other sensitive electronics from power fluctuations and outages. 

Motherboard

The motherboard of a computer is the main printed circuit board (PCB) that serves as the central hub and backbone of the entire computer system. It is also known as the mainboard, system board, or logic board. The motherboard houses and connects various hardware components and allows them to work together to form a functional computer. 

RAM

RAM, or Random Access Memory, is a type of computer memory that is used to store data and instructions that a computer's central processing unit (CPU) can access quickly. It is a critical component in a computer's architecture and plays a key role in the overall performance of a system. 

ROM

ROM, or Read-Only Memory, is a type of computer memory that stores data and instructions that are permanently written during manufacturing and cannot be easily modified or deleted by normal computer operations. ROM is used to store critical firmware, system-level software, and instructions that are necessary for a computer or electronic device to function properly. 

Data Flow Diagram of a Computer:

Assemble a computer step by step

Assembling a computer can be a straightforward process if you follow the right steps and have the necessary components. Here's a simplified guide to assembling a computer in the simplest way:

**Components Needed:**

1. Central Processing Unit (CPU)

2. Motherboard

3. RAM (Random Access Memory)

4. Power Supply Unit (PSU)

5. Storage Drive (HDD or SSD)

6. Graphics Card (if not using integrated graphics)

7. Case

8. Cooling system (if required)

9. Monitor, keyboard, and mouse

10. Screwdriver

11. Anti-static wrist strap (optional but recommended)

**Step 1: Prepare Your Workspace**

Clear a clean and well-lit workspace. Work on a non-static surface (wooden or plastic table) if possible. Consider wearing an anti-static wrist strap to prevent static electricity from damaging components.

**Step 2: Install the CPU**

1. Open the CPU socket on the motherboard.

2. Align the CPU's notches with the socket's notches.

3. Gently lower the CPU into the socket.

4. Secure the CPU by latching down the socket lever.

**Step 3: Install RAM**

1. Open the RAM slots on the motherboard.

2. Align the notches on the RAM stick with the notches on the slot.

3. Press down firmly on both ends of the RAM stick until it clicks into place.

4. Repeat for additional RAM sticks (if applicable).

**Step 4: Install the Motherboard**

1. Place the motherboard in the case, aligning it with the standoffs.

2. Secure the motherboard to the case using screws.

**Step 5: Connect Power Supply**

1. Connect the PSU's main 24-pin ATX power connector to the motherboard.

2. Connect the CPU power connector (usually 4 or 8 pins) to the motherboard.

3. Connect any additional power cables needed for your components (e.g., GPU, storage drives).

**Step 6: Install Storage Drive**

1. Mount the storage drive (HDD or SSD) in a drive bay or slot in the case.

2. Connect data and power cables from the storage drive to the motherboard and PSU.

**Step 7: Install Graphics Card (if applicable)**

1. Insert the graphics card into a PCIe slot on the motherboard.

2. Secure the graphics card to the case using screws or brackets.

3. Connect any necessary power cables from the PSU to the graphics card.

**Step 8: Connect Cables**

1. Connect case cables (power button, LEDs, USB, audio) to the motherboard according to the motherboard's manual.

2. Connect monitor, keyboard, and mouse to appropriate ports.

**Step 9: Check Connections**

Double-check all connections to ensure everything is properly attached.

**Step 10: Close the Case**

Close the computer case and secure it with screws.

**Step 11: Power On**

Plug in the power cable and turn on the computer. If everything is connected correctly, it should boot up, and you can begin installing the operating system and drivers.

Remember to take your time, be patient, and consult the manuals for your components as needed. If you're unsure about any step, consider seeking assistance from a more experienced builder or a professional technician.

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adobe photoshop 7.0

What is Adobe Photoshop?

Adobe Photoshop is a popular and widely-used graphics editing software developed by Adobe Inc. It is primarily used for editing and manipulating digital images and photographs. Photoshop offers a wide range of features and tools for tasks such as image retouching, color correction, photo enhancement, graphic design, digital painting, and more. Some of the key features and functions of Adobe Photoshop include:

1. Image Editing: You can use Photoshop to adjust brightness, contrast, and color balance in photos. It also provides tools for cropping, resizing, and rotating images.

2. Layers: Photoshop allows you to work with layers, which are like transparent sheets that you can stack on top of each other. This makes it easy to edit specific parts of an image without affecting the rest.

3. Selection Tools: Photoshop offers a variety of selection tools, such as the marquee, lasso, and magic wand, to select and isolate specific areas of an image.

4. Retouching and Healing: The software provides tools for retouching and repairing photos, including the Clone Stamp tool, Healing Brush, and Content-Aware Fill, which can remove blemishes or unwanted objects from images.

5. Filters and Effects: Photoshop includes a wide range of filters and special effects that can be applied to images, allowing you to create artistic or stylistic modifications.

6. Text and Typography: You can add and manipulate text in your images, making Photoshop a valuable tool for graphic design and creating text-based artwork.

7. Drawing and Painting: Adobe Photoshop offers a set of brushes and drawing tools that enable digital artists to create illustrations, paintings, and other artwork.

8. 3D Modeling and Texturing: The software has 3D capabilities, allowing users to work with 3D models and apply textures, lighting, and rendering effects.

9. Photo Manipulation: Photoshop is often used to create photomontages, where multiple images are combined to create a composite image.

10. Image Export and Optimization: You can save images in various file formats, and Photoshop offers options for optimizing images for web use, printing, or other purposes.

How to import a file in photoshop?

To import a file in Adobe Photoshop, you can follow these steps:

1. Open Photoshop: Launch Adobe Photoshop on your computer. If you don't already have it installed, you will need to download and install the software first.

2. Create a New Document (Optional): If you want to import the file into a new Photoshop document, you can create a new document first by going to "File" > "New." Set the document size, resolution, and other parameters as needed.

3. Import the File:

   a. Open a File: To import an existing image or file, go to "File" > "Open." This will open a file dialog that allows you to browse your computer's file system to locate and select the file you want to import.

   b. Drag and Drop: Alternatively, you can also drag and drop the file directly into the Photoshop workspace. This will open the file in a new or existing document, depending on where you drop it.

4. Adjust as Needed: Once the file is imported, you can make any necessary adjustments or edits using Photoshop's various tools and features.

5. Save Your Work: After editing or working on the imported file, make sure to save your changes. Go to "File" > "Save" or "File" > "Save As" to choose a new name or location for the file if necessary.

6. Export (Optional): If you need to save the file in a different format or for a specific purpose (e.g., web, print), you can go to "File" > "Export" or "File" > "Export As" to select the desired file format and settings for exporting the edited image.

These steps should help you import a file into Adobe Photoshop and start working on it within the software. Remember to save your work periodically to ensure you don't lose any changes you've made.

How to resize a picture?

In Adobe Photoshop, you can easily resize a picture by following these steps:

1. Open the Image: Launch Photoshop and open the image you want to resize by going to "File" > "Open" and selecting the image from your computer.

2. Select the Image: Click on the image in the Photoshop workspace to select it. If your image has multiple layers, make sure to select the layer containing the image you want to resize.

3. Access the "Image Size" Dialog:

   a. Go to "Image" in the top menu bar.

   b. Choose "Image Size" from the dropdown menu. This will open the "Image Size" dialog box.

4. Set the New Dimensions:

   a. In the "Image Size" dialog, you will see several options:

      - "Width" and "Height": These fields allow you to specify the new dimensions of your image. You can choose to enter values in pixels, inches, centimeters, or other units.

      - "Constrain Proportions" (Maintain Aspect Ratio): By default, this option is checked, which ensures that when you change the width or height, the other dimension will adjust proportionally to maintain the aspect ratio of the image. If you want to distort the image, you can uncheck this option.

      - "Resample": This option determines how Photoshop will handle the resizing. "Automatic" is typically the best choice for most situations. You can also choose different resampling methods, like Bicubic, Bilinear, or Nearest Neighbor, depending on your specific needs.

5. Apply the Changes: After entering the new dimensions and making sure "Constrain Proportions" is enabled, click the "OK" button to resize the image.

6. Save Your Work: Once you've resized the image, make sure to save your changes by going to "File" > "Save" or "File" > "Save As" if you want to save it under a new name or location.

Your image should now be resized according to the dimensions you specified. Remember that resizing an image can affect its quality, so be mindful of the dimensions you choose to ensure the best results for your specific use case.

How to adjust pixels in photoshop?

In Adobe Photoshop, you can easily resize a picture by following these steps:

1. Open the Image: Launch Photoshop and open the image you want to resize by going to "File" > "Open" and selecting the image from your computer.

2. Select the Image: Click on the image in the Photoshop workspace to select it. If your image has multiple layers, make sure to select the layer containing the image you want to resize.

3. Access the "Image Size" Dialog:

   a. Go to "Image" in the top menu bar.

   b. Choose "Image Size" from the dropdown menu. This will open the "Image Size" dialog box.

4. Set the New Dimensions:

   a. In the "Image Size" dialog, you will see several options:

      - "Width" and "Height": These fields allow you to specify the new dimensions of your image. You can choose to enter values in pixels, inches, centimeters, or other units.

      - "Constrain Proportions" (Maintain Aspect Ratio): By default, this option is checked, which ensures that when you change the width or height, the other dimension will adjust proportionally to maintain the aspect ratio of the image. If you want to distort the image, you can uncheck this option.

      - "Resample": This option determines how Photoshop will handle the resizing. "Automatic" is typically the best choice for most situations. You can also choose different resampling methods, like Bicubic, Bilinear, or Nearest Neighbor, depending on your specific needs.

5. Apply the Changes: After entering the new dimensions and making sure "Constrain Proportions" is enabled, click the "OK" button to resize the image.

6. Save Your Work: Once you've resized the image, make sure to save your changes by going to "File" > "Save" or "File" > "Save As" if you want to save it under a new name or location.

Your image should now be resized according to the dimensions you specified. Remember that resizing an image can affect its quality, so be mindful of the dimensions you choose to ensure the best results for your specific use case.

How to remove background color in photoshop?

You can remove a background color in Photoshop using various techniques, and the approach you choose will depend on the complexity of the background and the image. Here are a few common methods:

1. **Magic Wand Tool (for Simple Backgrounds):**

   - Select the "Magic Wand Tool" from the toolbar (you can also use the "Quick Selection Tool").

   - Click on the background color you want to remove. The tool will select all adjacent pixels with a similar color.

   - Press the "Delete" key on your keyboard to remove the selected background pixels.

2. **Background Eraser Tool (for Semi-Complex Backgrounds):**

   - Choose the "Background Eraser Tool" from the toolbar.

   - Adjust the brush size and hardness as needed.

   - Click and drag over the background color. The tool will remove the background while preserving the subject.

3. **Pen Tool (for Complex Backgrounds):**

   - Select the "Pen Tool" from the toolbar.

   - Carefully trace the outline of the subject, creating a path.

   - Right-click on the path and choose "Make Selection." Set a feather radius if needed.

   - Once the subject is selected, you can delete the background or place a new background behind it.

4. **Layer Mask (for All Background Types):**

   - Duplicate the layer with your image.

   - Select the "Magic Wand" or other selection tools to select the background.

   - Add a layer mask by clicking the "Add Layer Mask" button at the bottom of the Layers panel. This will mask out the selected background, revealing transparency.

   - You can paint on the layer mask with a black brush to refine the mask if needed.

5. **Select and Mask (for Fine Detail and Hair):**

   - Use the selection tools to make an initial selection of your subject.

   - Go to "Select" > "Select and Mask."

   - Use the refine edge tools to refine the selection, especially for complex subjects with fine details and hair.

   - Output the selection as a new layer with a layer mask.

6. **Color Range (for Solid Backgrounds):**

   - Go to "Select" > "Color Range."

   - Use the eyedropper tool to select the background color.

   - Adjust the Fuzziness slider to refine the selection.

   - Click "OK" to make the selection and then delete the background.

7. **Use the Background Eraser Tool (for Solid Backgrounds):**

   - Select the "Background Eraser Tool" from the toolbar.

   - Adjust the brush size and hardness.

   - Click and drag over the background color. This tool automatically detects and removes the background color while preserving the subject.

After removing the background, you can add a new background or save the image with a transparent background in a format that supports transparency (e.g., PNG). Always make sure to save a copy of your image before making significant edits to avoid losing the original.

How to change background color of a image in Photoshop

You can change the background color of an image in Photoshop by following these steps:

1. **Open Your Image**: Launch Adobe Photoshop and open the image you want to work on.

2. **Select the Background Layer**: In the Layers panel, you'll typically see your image as the background layer. If it's locked, double-click on the layer to unlock it.

3. **Create a New Layer**: Click on the "New Layer" button at the bottom of the Layers panel to create a new layer. This layer will be your new background.

4. **Choose Your Background Color**: Select the new layer and choose your desired background color. You can do this by using the Paint Bucket tool or by selecting the "Paint Bucket" icon from the toolbar. This will open the Color Picker, where you can choose your color.

5. **Fill the New Layer**: With your new background color selected, click on the canvas area with the Paint Bucket tool to fill the new layer with your chosen color.

6. **Arrange the Layers**: You'll now have two layers in your Layers panel - one with your image and one with the new background color. Make sure the background layer is below the image layer, so it appears as the background.

7. **Adjust as Needed**: You may need to adjust the opacity of the image layer or make further adjustments to blend the image with the new background seamlessly. You can use layer masks, blending modes, and other tools to fine-tune the effect.

8. **Save Your Image**: Once you're satisfied with the changes, save your image in the desired format.

This process allows you to change the background color of your image while keeping the original image intact. It's important to note that this method works best when the subject in your image is well-defined and easily separable from the background. If your subject has complex, detailed edges, you may need to use more advanced selection techniques, such as masking or the Pen Tool, to isolate the subject before changing the background.

How to crop a image in Photoshop?

Cropping an image in Photoshop is a straightforward process. Here's how you can do it:

1. **Open Your Image**: Launch Adobe Photoshop and open the image you want to crop.

2. **Select the Crop Tool**: You can select the Crop Tool from the toolbar on the left side of the screen. It looks like a square with diagonal lines.

3. **Adjust the Crop Box**: Click and drag your mouse on the image to create a cropping box. You can adjust the size and aspect ratio of the box as needed. To maintain a specific aspect ratio, hold down the Shift key while dragging the box.

4. **Position the Crop Box**: Move the cropping box to the desired area of the image that you want to keep. Anything outside the box will be cropped.

5. **Fine-Tune the Crop**: To make precise adjustments, you can use the handles on the corners and sides of the cropping box. Click and drag these handles to refine the crop.

6. **Apply the Crop**: Once you are satisfied with the crop, press the Enter key (Windows) or Return key (Mac), or you can click the checkmark button in the options bar at the top of the screen to apply the crop. If you're not happy with the crop, you can press Esc to cancel the operation.

7. **Save Your Cropped Image**: After cropping, you can save your image in the desired format.

Keep in mind that cropping is a destructive operation, which means that the cropped part of the image is permanently removed. It's a good practice to work on a copy of the original image or make sure you have a backup in case you want to revert to the original at a later time.

If you need to maintain the original image intact while working with a cropped version, you can use the "Image" > "Canvas Size" option to resize the canvas or use layer masks to hide portions of the image without permanently cropping it.

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power point 6

How to Apply Animation Effect

• Select the text or object you want to animate
• Select the Animations tab
• In Animations group click the drop-down arrow next to Animate option
• Animation options will appear
• Move the cursor over different options to see live preview on the slide
• Select the desired animation

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How to Apply a Custom Animation Effect

• Select the text or object
• Select the Animation tab
• In Animation group click the Custom Animation
• Custom Animation task pane appears on the right
• Click the Add Effect, it will display four options that are further divided into different options
• Select the desired effect

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How to Apply Slide Transition Effects

Transition effects appear when one slide changes into next slide in a Slide Show.

• Select the slide to which you want to apply the effect
• Select the Animation tab
• In Transition to This Slide group you will see the transition effects
• Click the drop-down arrow to see menu of transition effects
• Select the desired transition effect
• Click Apply To All to apply the effect to all slides

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How to Set Slide Transition Sound

• Select the slide to which you want to add the transition sound
• Select the Animation tab
• In Transition to This Slide group click the drop-down arrow next to Transition Sound option
• A list of different transition sounds appears
• Select the desired transition sound
• Click Apply To All to apply the effect to all slides

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How to Set Slide Transition Speed

• Select the slide
• Select the Animation tab
• In Transition to This Slide group click the drop-down arrow next to Transition Speed option
• It will display three options for transition speed
• Select the desired transition speed
• Click Apply To All to apply the same transition speed to all slides

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How to Advance Slides

• Select the slide
• Select the Animations tab
• In Transition to This Slide group locate the Advance Slide section
• It shows two options; On Mouse Click and Automatically After
• Enter the desired time for the selected slide in Automatically After option
• Select the next slide and choose the desired time
• Click Apply To All If you want to apply the same timing to all slides

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Viewing Slides

Once you create the presentation you can view it in different ways.

Select the View tab. Locate the Presentation Views group. It displays four options to view presentations; Normal View, Slide Sorter View, Slide Show View and Notes Page View.

Normal View: The normal view appears by default when we open the PowerPoint window. We create and edit slides in Normal View. This view also offers three view options out of four options in the form of buttons on the status bar.

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Slide Sorter View: It offers miniature or thumbnail version of all slides. You can see all your slides at one time in the screen. You can also drag or delete the slides to rearrange them.

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Slide Show View: It displays your presentation in full screen mode. It also offers an additional menu at the left bottom corner of the slide.

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Notes Page View

This view provides space below the slide to add notes.

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power point: 5

 

How to Insert Table

• Place the cursor on the slide where you want to insert the table
• Click the Insert tab, it will display Tables group on the left
• Click the Table button, it will display four options to insert the table:

1) Highlight the Number of Rows and Columns

You will see small boxes on top, select the boxes corresponding to number of rows and column that you want in your table.

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2) Insert Table

Click the Insert Table option and enter the number of rows and columns then click ok.

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3) Draw Table:

Click the Draw Table option and place the cursor on slide. Cursor changes into a pencil. Click and drag the pencil to draw a table border.

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4) Excel Spreadsheet:

Click the Excel Spreadsheet option. Worksheet will appear in the slide, drag it to get the desired number of rows and columns.

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How to Modify or Format Table

Select the table you want to modify. Two new tabs Design and Layout appear in the Ribbon. These tabs offer various groups of commands to format tables.

When you click the Design tab it displays you four groups of commands; Table Style Options, Table Styles, WordArt Styles and Draw Borders.

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When you click the Layout tab it displays six groups of commands; Table, Rows & Columns, Merge, Cell Size and Alignment.

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How to Insert Table from Word or Excel

• Open the desired word document or Excel spreadsheet you want to insert
• Select and copy it
• Then place the cursor on the PowerPoint slide where you want to paste it
• Select Home tab and click the Paste command

How to Insert Chart

• Select the Insert tab
• In Illustrations group click on Chart command
• An Insert Chart dialogue box appears
• Select the desired Chart style and click Ok
• Chart will be added to slide and an Excel worksheet appears on right side of the slide

See the images:

 

How to Enter Chart Data

We can't enter data directly in charts. To enter data in chart we have to type it in excel spreadsheet that appears when you add Chart or click Edit Chart option.

The data that you enter in spreadsheet automatically appears in the Chart. Select the cell of spreadsheet and type the data it will appear in the slide. Repeat the process to enter the entire data.

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How to Format Chart or Chart Data

When you select the chart three new tabs Design, Layout and Format appear in the Ribbon. Each tab contains specific groups of chart tools to format charts and chart data.

The Design tab contains four groups; Type, Data, Chart Layouts and Chart Styles.

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The Layout tab contains six groups; Current Selection, Insert, Labels, Axes, Background and Analysis.

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The Format tab contains five groups; Current Selection, Shape Styles, WordArt Styles, Arrange and Size.

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power-point: 4

 

How to Format Font Size

• Select the text you want to modify
• Open the Home tab and locate the Font group
• In Font group click the drop-down arrow next to font size option
• A list of various font sizes appears
• Move the cursor over the list and select the desired font size

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How to Format Font Style

• Select the text you want to modify
• Select Home tab and locate the Font group
• In Font group click the drop-down arrow next to font style option
• A list of font styles appears
• Move the cursor over the list and select the desired font style

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How to Format Text Color

• Select the text you want to change
• In Home tab locate the Font group
• In Font group click the drop-down arrow next to font color icon
• Font color menu appears
• Select the desired font color

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How to Change Text Alignment

• Select the text
• In Home tab locate the Paragraph group
• There are four alignment options at the bottom of Paragraph group
• Select the desired alignment option

The four alignment options are:

• Align Text Left: Aligns text towards left margin
• Center: Brings the text at center
• Align Text Right: Aligns text towards right margin
• Justify: Aligns text towards both left and right margin

See the image:

How to Insert a Text Box

In addition to placeholders you can insert text boxes in the slide. To add a text box follow the below listed steps.

• Open the Insert tab
• In Text group click the Text Box command
• Click on the slide and drag the cursor until text box takes the desired width
• Then release the mouse

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You can move and resize the text box. To move the text box click in the box and drag the mouse to the desired location.

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To resize the text box click the circle or square sizing handles of text box and drag the mouse to give it desired size.

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How to Insert Picture and Clip Art

To Add Picture:

• Click the Insert tab
• In Illustrations group click on the Picture button
• Insert Picture dialogue box appears
• With a click select the desired picture
• Click Insert, the picture will be added to the slide
• Click and drag the picture to move it to desired location

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To Add Picture:

• Click the Insert tab
• In Illustrations group click the Clip Art button
• Clip Art task pane appears on the right side
• In task pane you will notice three fields: Search for, Search in, Results should be

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In "Search Field" you can enter the keyword related to clipart you want to insert

In "Collection Field" click the drop-down arrow. It gives four options. Choose the option that suits your requirement.

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In "Results should be" filed click the drop-down arrow, you will find five options. Choose the option that suits your requirement.

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Now click the "Go". Clip Art menu will appear. Select the desired clip art or click the drop- down arrow next to clip art, it will display Insert option to add the clip art.

How to Edit Picture and Clip Art

• Select the Picture or Clip Art that you want to edit
• Format tab appears in the Ribbon next to View tab
• It displays four groups of commands; Adjust, Picture Styles, Arrange and Size group

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The Adjust group displays six commands.

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• Brightness: To increase and decrease the picture brightness
• Picture Contrast: To increase or decrease the picture contrast
• Recolor: To recolor the picture to give it special effect
• Compress Picture: To compress picture to reduce its size
• Change Picture: To change the picture
• Reset Picture: To discard all the changes made to the picture

The Picture Styles group displays picture styles and three commands.

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• Picture Styles: To apply a picture style to the picture or clip art
• Picture Shape: To change the shape of the picture or clip art
• Picture Border: To give colors to the picture border
• Picture Effects: To apply visual effect to the picture

The Arrange group has six commands:

See the image:

• Bring to Front: To bring the picture in front of all other objects
• Send to Back: To send the picture behind other objects
• Selection Pane: It displays selection pane with various options to format and change order of picture
• Align: To align the multiple pictures on the slide. You can distribute them evenly across the slide.
• Group: To group different objects together
• Rotate: To rotate the text or objects

The Size group has three commands.

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• Crop: To remove unwanted parts of the picture
• Height: To change the height of the picture
• Width: To change the width of the picture

How to Create Bulleted or Numbered lists

• Select the text or list to which you want to add bullets or numbering
• Select Home tab and locate the Paragraph group
• Click the Bullets or Numbering button or click the drop-down arrow next to these buttons to see more bullet styles and numbering formats
• Select the style you want to apply to text

See the image:

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